| SIN练习题 | SIN历年真题集+答案 |
| 物理竞赛备赛书单 | 外网40个物理竞赛重要知识点讲解视频 |

一、SIN物理竞赛练习题
本页收录 6 道 SIN 物理竞赛经典练习题(题源:SIN 历年真题精选,站长组整理),覆盖匀加速运动、力学平衡、估算、抛体运动、单位换算等高频考点。每道题含完整英文原题、中文背景解读与官方解析链接。建议先独立思考,再点开"解析"对照。
第 1 题考点:经典力学 · 匀加速直线运动 + 相对运动
题面设定 Romeo 从地球出发,飞向 10 光年外的 Lovelon 行星与 Juliet 团聚,需先用 15 m/s² 加速到最高速度、再以相同加速度减速,最后发现 Juliet 已返回地球,需再飞一趟——按经典力学(忽略相对论)估算整个往返的耗时,决定"最早哪一年两人能结婚"。
第1题:Romeo sets off in his spaceship to marry Juliet, who lives on the planet Lovelon, 10 light-years away from earth. He can accelerate at 15 m/s2, and must decelerate at the same rate, in order to stop at Lovelon. Unknown to him, Juliet has taken an earlier shuttle back to Earth and she will wait there. Since there is no communication, Romeo will have to travel back again! Romeo left yesterday, on April 30, 1997. What is the earliest year in which they can be wed? Romeo and Juliet are both classical persons, and they ignore any relativistic effects! 1 light-year is about 9.46 x 1015 m.

第 2 题考点:力学 · 受力平衡 + 牛顿第三定律
体重 115 kg 的杂技演员做单手倒立,为减少单手承受的力量,将一只脚抵在光滑无摩擦的竖直墙面上,墙面提供的水平支撑力为 130 N。本题要求计算手掌受到地面的作用力大小——核心是手 + 脚两个支撑点对身体的合力分解。
第2题:An overweight acrobat, "weighing" in at 115 kg, wants to perform a single hand stand. He tries to cheat by resting one foot against a smooth frictionless vertical wall. The horizontal force there is 130 N. What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the floor on his hand?
(A) 1134 (B) 1257 (C) 997 (D) 1119 (E) 1127
第 3 题考点:物理估算 · 阿伏伽德罗常数 + 大气体积
估算你每吸一口气所含的空气分子中,有多少也曾被"物理学主保圣人"牛顿(1642–1727 在世)一生中呼吸过。本题给出大气层厚度约 8 km、每个空气分子占据约 33.3×10⁻⁹ m 见方的空间、地球半径 6.37×10⁶ m。这是 SIN 历年经典"估算"题型——核心是分子总数估算 + 寿命内呼吸次数估算。
第3题: For each breath that you take, how many of the air molecules would also have been breathed by the patron saint of Physics, Sir Isaac Newton during his lifetime (1642-1727)?
The atmosphere is about 8 km high, and the molecules in the air each occupy a space representing a little cubic box about 33.3 x 10 -9 m along a side. The earth's radius is 6.37 x 106 m.
Make reasonable assumptions for any data that you need!
(A) 6 (B) 6 X 10³ (C) 6 X 106 (D) 6 X 109 (E) 6 X 1012
第 4 题考点:力学 · 材料应力 + 冰暴灾害物理
魁北克省冬季冰暴使电线承重增加。两座高压塔之间架设 500 m 长的电线,顶部地线在塔架处与水平方向成 15°,直径 1.5 cm。钢线密度 7860 kg/m³。冰的密度 900 kg/m³ 累积使电线总直径变为 10.0 cm 时线断裂。求线断裂瞬间单位面积所受的"破坏应力"。本题含示意图,需先求覆冰后的总质量、再求弧垂最低点的张力分量。
第4题: The ice storm this winter in the province of Quebec strained many wires to the breaking point. In a particular situation, the transmission pylons are separated by 500 m of wire. The top grounding wire is 15° from the horizontal at the pylons, as in the diagram, and has a diameter of 1.5 cm. The steel wire has a density of 7860 kg/m3. When ice (density 900 kg/m3) built up on the wire to a total diameter of 10.0 cm, the wire snapped. What was the breaking stress (force/unit area) in N/m2 in the wire at the breaking point?
You may assume the ice has no strength.
(A) 7.4 X 107 (B) 4.4 X 108 (C) 2.6 X 106 (D) 1.15 X 107 (E) 6.7 X 108
第 5 题考点:运动学 · 抛体运动 + 相对速度合成
Romeo 的飞船垂直下降 50 m/s,距地面 500 m 时,从飞船水平(相对飞船参考系)抛出一束 Lovelon 花束,目标是 Juliet 所在的停靠点——距离着陆点 40 m。Lovelon 花瓣极光滑、不受空气阻力,且能承受落地冲击。求 Romeo 抛出花束的最小速度(m/s)。
第5题: Romeo is landing back on Earth to claim his bride, Juliet. His spaceship is descending vertically at 50 m/s and he is 500m up when he throws a bouquet of Lovelon flowers horizontally (from his point of view) out of his ship to land near Juliet, who is waiting at the dockport, 40 m from his landing spot. How fast must Romeo throw his flowers in m/s so that they land at Juliet's feet? (Lovelon flowers are very slippery, and do not experience air resistance. They can also absorb quite a shock on landing and still look fresh!).
(A) 1.96 (B) 2.52 (C) 4.00 (D) 5.24 (E) 6.44
第 6 题考点:单位换算 + 数据传输时间计算
一名青少年在网上下载盗版压缩 MP3 歌曲(每首 3 分钟,需 2.9 MB 存储空间),填满一张 70 分钟 CD。使用 56K 调制解调器,平均 30 kbps 数据传输速率,不计启动和文件名输入耗时,问下载整张 CD 需要多少分钟。提示:1 字节 = 8 比特。这是 SIN 常见"信息量"类单位换算题。
第6题:A teenager is downloading pirated, compressed songs in MP3 format from the Internet. Each song is about 3 minutes long when played, and needs about 2.9 megabytes of computer storage. To fill a CD requires about 70 minutes of music. If a 56K modem is being used which gives on average about 30 kilobits/sec of data flow, how many minutes does it take to download a full CD's worth of songs, ignoring setup times and filename entries? A byte represents 8 bits.
(A) 301 (B) 203 (C) 187 (D) 38 (E) 14
二、SIN物理竞赛历年真题+答案
下表整理 SIN 物理竞赛历年真题与官方答案,覆盖 2016 年至 2025 年共 8 届赛事。建议按"先做真题、再对答案、最后回看错题考点"的三步法使用——历年 SIN 真题命题风格稳定,做完 2–3 套即可熟悉题量、难度与考点分布。
| 年份 | 真题 | 答案 |
| 2025年 | SIN真题 | SIN解析 |
| 2024年 | SIN真题 | SIN答案 |
| 2023年 | SIN真题 | SIN答案 |
| 2022年 | SIN真题 | SIN答案 |
| 2021年 | SIN真题 | SIN答案 |
| 2020年 | SIN真题 | SIN答案 |
| 2019年 | SIN真题 | SIN答案 |
| 2016年 | SIN真题 | SIN解析 |

从 2016–2025 的 8 届真题可看出:力学(约 40%)、电磁学(约 25%)、光学与近代物理(约 20%)、热学(约 15%)是四大稳定模块。建议把薄弱模块的题目集中做完,对照答案统计正确率,再回到下方"书单"与"视频"做针对性补强。
三、SIN物理竞赛书单
本节列出 SIN 物理竞赛备赛参考书单,按"基础教材 + 竞赛进阶 + 真题解析"三类组织(详见下方配图)。书单由站内物理竞赛教研组根据历年 SIN 命题风格挑选,适合校内物理基础已过关、想系统提升竞赛能力的学生。


四、外网40个物理竞赛重要知识点讲解视频
精选自外网的 40 个物理竞赛重要知识点讲解视频(详见下方配图),按力学、热学、电磁学、光学、近代物理五大板块组织。每个视频时长 10–30 分钟,适合作为书单阅读后的配套学习资源——看完书后用视频巩固对应章节的关键推导。

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